Mhlawumbe ayikho ingxenye ye-Islam exoxwa kakhulu, noma engaqondwa kangako, kunezimfundiso zayo ngabesifazane. Imikhuba yamasiko kweminye imiphakathi yamaSulumane ivame ukuphanjaniswa nenkolo ngokwayo. Ukuqonda i-Islam ngokunembile, umuntu kufanele abuyele emithonjeni yayo yangempela: iQur'an nezimfundiso eziqinisekisiwe zikaMprofethi uMuhammad ﷺ. Lapho, umuntu uthola iqoqo lamalungelo neziqu ezanikwa abesifazane ngesikhathi umhlaba omningi ubanikeza cishe lutho.
Ukulingana Ngokomoya Phambi KukaNkulunkulu
IQur'an icacile: abesilisa nabesifazane balingana ngokomoya, badalwe emphefumulweni owodwa, futhi babalwa balinganiswe ngokufanayo phambi kukaNkulunkulu. Ukholo nokulunga, hhayi ubulili, kunquma ukubaluleka komuntu emehlweni akhe.
"Noma ubani owenza ukulunga, kungakhathaliseki owesilisa noma owesifazane engikholwa — sizomenza aphile impilo enhle, futhi sizomnika umvuzo wakhe ngokwalokho okuhle abekwenza."
(Surah An-Nahl, 16:97)
IQur'an ikhuluma emakholweni esilisa nesifazane eceleni komunye, iwathembisa intethelelo efanayo nomvuzo ofanayo:
"Ngempela, amaSulumane esilisa namaSulumane esifazane, amakholwa esilisa namakholwa esifazane… u-Allah ubalungisele intethelelo nomvuzo omkhulu."
(Surah Al-Ahzab, 33:35)
Ukuphela Kwenkathi Elunya
I-Islam yavela emphakathini lapho amadodakazi ayembelwa ephila ngenxa yehlazo noma ukwesaba ubumpofu. IQur'an yakulahla lokhu kwenza ngamazwi aqinile, ixwayisa ngosuku lapho ingane yentombazane embelwe ngokwayo izobuzwa ukuthi yabulawelwa yiciphi icala:
"Futhi lapho intombazane eyembelwa iphila ibuzwa, ukuthi yabulawelwa yisiphi isono…"
(Surah At-Takwir, 81:8–9)
Ilungelo Lempahla Nefa
I-Islam yanika abesifazane ilungelo lokuba nempahla, ukuphatha amabhizinisi, nokugcina imali yabo, ngokuzimela kunoma yimuphi umuntu wesilisa, amakhulu eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba lawo malungelo abe avamile kwenye indawo. Impahla yowesifazane ingeyakhe; umyeni akanalungelo phezu kwayo. I-Islam yaphinde yaqinisekisela abesifazane ingxenye emisiweyo yefa ngesikhathi, ezindaweni eziningi, ababengeke bathole lutho:
"Kwabesilisa kunengxenye yalokho abazali nezihlobo ezakshiyayo, futhi kwabesifazane kunengxenye yalokho abazali nezihlobo ezakushiyayo."
(Surah An-Nisa, 4:7)
Isithunzi Emshadweni
E-Islam, owesifazane akakwazi ukushadiswa ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe; ukuvuma kwakhe kuyisimo somshado ovumelekile. Unelungelo le-mahr, isipho somshado esinikwa yena, kuye yedwa. IQur'an ichaza ubudlelwane phakathi kwabashadikazi hhayi njengobunini kodwa njengothando, umusa, nobungane:
"Futhi kuzimpawu zakhe ukuthi wanidalela kini ngokwenu abalingani ukuze nithole ukuthula kubo; wabeka phakathi kwenu uthando nomusa."
(Surah Ar-Rum, 30:21)
UMprofethi ﷺ wabeka izinga lokuthi amadoda kufanele awaphathe kanjani abesifazane: "Abangcono kini yilabo abahle kakhulu kubafazi babo." (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, 3895)
Udumo Lukamama
I-Islam iphakamisa isikhundla sikamama ngaphezu kwacishe bonke abanye. IQur'an iyala umusa kubazali, inika ukubalula okukhethekile umhlatshelo kamama:
"Futhi siyale umuntu ngokunakekela abazali bakhe. Unina wamthwala ngobuthakathaka phezu kobuthakathaka, futhi ukumlumula kwakhe kuyiminyaka emibili…"
(Surah Luqman, 31:14)
Indoda yake yabuza uMprofethi ﷺ ukuthi ngubani ofanele kakhulu ubungane bakhe obuhle. Waphendula, "Unyoko." Indoda yabuza futhi; wathi, "Unyoko." Okwesithathu; "Unyoko." Kwaba kokwesine kuphela lapho ethi, "Bese kuba nguyihlo." (Sahih al-Bukhari, 5971; Sahih Muslim, 2548)
Ilungelo Lemfundo
I-Islam yenza ukufuna ulwazi kube isibopho, futhi kuyisibopho esibekwe kwabesifazane njengabesilisa. UMprofethi ﷺ wathi:
"Ukufuna ulwazi kuyisibopho phezu kwalo lonke iSulumane."
(Sunan Ibn Majah, 224)
Izifundiswa ze-Islam zaqonda igama elithi "iSulumane" lapha ukuthi lifaka phakathi abesilisa nabesifazane, kwenza imfundo yabesifazane ingabi umusa nje kodwa isibopho senkolo. Umphumela ubonakala kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala ze-Islam: abesifazane bomphakathi wokuqala wamaSulumane babe izifundiswa, ochwepheshe bomthetho, abalandisi bomlando kaMprofethi, othisha, nabeluleki. Unkosikazi kaMprofethi u-'A'ishah (u-Allah akakholise ngaye) wayephakathi kwezifundiswa ezinkulu zaso sonke isizukulwane sakhe, amadoda ayehamba amabanga ukuze afunde kuye, futhi izimfundiso zakhe zisafundwa kuze kube namuhla.
Okunye Ongakufunda
- The Qur'an. Funda ngokwakho, nenguqulo nokufundwa.
- Sahih al-Bukhari & Sahih Muslim. Amaqoqo amabili aqinisekiswe kakhulu ezinkulumeni zikaMprofethi ﷺ.
- Riyad as-Salihin (Imam an-Nawawi), iqoqo elithandekayo lama-hadith ngokholo, isimilo, nokukhonza.
- The Sealed Nectar (Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum), indaba yempilo kaMprofethi ﷺ ewine imiklomelo.
- Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources. Martin Lings. impilo yakhe esekelwe emithonjeni yakuqala.
Qhubeka Ngohambo Lwakho
Ingxenye yo-Mhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokuqonda I-Islam .