Yonke indumiso ngekaAllah, iNkosi yamazwe, obeka imithetho yobuthixo isebenza aze ajikelezise iintsuku phakathi kwabantu — ehlonipha lowo athandayo ngokumthobela, aze athobe lowo athandayo ngobulungisa baKhe. Akaphuli isithembiso saKhe, kwaye akayiguquli indlela yaKhe. Wanga uxolo neentsikelelo zingaba phezu kwenkosi yethu uMuhammad ﷺ, uTywina lwaBaprofeti neImam yabaThunywa, awathi uAllah ngaye waqokelela ilifa labo bonke abaprofeti waza wabophelela i-Ummah yakhe kuyo yonke imbali yokholo — naphezu kosapho lwakhe, amaQabane akhe, nabo bonke abalandela indlela yakhe kude kube yiMini yoMgwebo.
Usuku lwe-Ashura ayisiyiyo nje inkumbulo yembali yesiganeko esadlulayo kudala, kwaye ayisiyiyo nje isihlandlo sonqulo esixabiso saso siphela kwisidima sokuzila. Lusuku apho iintsingiselo zenqiniseko zihlaziywayo, apho imithetho (sunan) ka-Allah ekunikeni uloyiso enyanisweni nasekutshabalaliseni ubuxoki icaciswa khona. Lityala ezintliziyweni zamakholwa ithemba lokuba indlela yabaprofeti inye, ukuba umzabalazo phakathi kokholo nobuzwilakhe uyaqhubeka logama kusekho ubomi, nokuba imithetho enye kaThixo eyazisa usindiso izolo iyakwazi ukuluzisa namhlanje nangomso.
Xa uMthunywa ka-Allah ﷺ wafika eMadina, wafumanisa amaYuda ezila uSuku lwe-Ashura. Wababuza ngalo, baza bathi: "Lusuku uAllah asindisa ngalo uMusa (uMoses) nabantu bakhe, waza watshonisa uFaro nomkhosi wakhe." Ngoko wathi:
"Thina sinelungelo elingakumbi kuMusa kunani." Waza wazila kwaye wayalela ukuba luzilwe.
(Sahih al-Bukhari · Sahih Muslim)
La mazwi ayengekhona sivakaliso sokuthatha inxaxheba kwisihlandlo sembali; yayisisivakaliso sombandela omkhulu wenkolo: ukuba umyalezo we-Islam kukuqhubeka okupheleleyo kwemiyalezo yezulu, ukuba i-Ummah kaMuhammad ﷺ yindlalifa yelifa labaprofeti, nomthwali webhanile ye-tawhid (ubunye bukaThixo) eyaphakanyiswa nguNuh, uIbrahim, uMusa, u'Isa, noMuhammad — uxolo malube phezu kwabo bonke. UAllah, oPhakamileyo, uthi:
"Unimisele kwinkolo oko wakuyalela uNowa noko sikutyhilileyo kuwe, noko sakuyalela uAbraham noMoses noYesu."
(Surah Ash-Shura, 42:13)
"Inene le, inkolo yenu, yinkolo enye, kwaye ndiyiNkosi yenu, ngoko ndinquleni."
(Surah Al-Anbiya, 21:92)
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, unxulumano phakathi koMprofeti ﷺ noMusa (uxolo malube phezu kwakhe) yayingekhona nje olothando nembeko, kodwa lunxulumano lomyalezo, indlela, nesikhundla. Wayenelungelo elingakumbi kuye kuba uthwele ubizo lwakhe, uphelelisa uhambo lwakhe, uhlaziya ebantwini iintsingiselo ze-tawhid, ubulungisa, nenkululeko, aze eme ebusweni bobuzwilakhe kanye njengokuba bonke abaprofeti bema.
I-Ashura — Isikolo Semithetho Yobuthixo
UAllah wathanda ukuba ibali likaMusa noFaro liphindwe kwiQuran eNtle ngaphezu kwalo naliphi na elinye ibali, kuba ngoyena mzekelo ucacileyo weQuran wokujongana nobuzwilakhe nengcinezelo, nokuba umzabalazo phakathi kwenyaniso nobuxoki asiyisiganeko sembali esidlulayo kodwa ngumthetho (sunnah) kaThixo ozihlaziyayo ebomini beentlanga.
Ubuzwilakhe abuphumli kumntu omnye, kodwa buphumla kwinkqubo yonke yamandla, ubutyebi, inkohliso, nokusetyenziswa kwezilangazelelo ukukhonza ubuxoki. IQuran yabonisa imizekelo yale nto kuFaro, uHaman, uQarun, nabo bahlanganisana nabo phakathi kwabantu benkanuko nenzuzo yobuqu.
Umzwilakhe uma egcwele ngamandla akhe, amajoni akhe, nobutyebi bakhe; ikholwa lima lihluthwe yonke into ngaphandle kwenqiniseko yalo ku-Allah. Emva koko idabi liphela ngoko abantu bomhlaba abangazange bakulindele — ukuze abantu bazi ukuba amandla okwenene akakho kwoko abanako abanekratshi, kodwa akweyo uAllah akunika izicaka zakhe ezikholwayo. UAllah, oPhakamileyo, uthi:
"Kwaye safuna ukwenza inceba kwabo babecinezelwe elizweni sibenze iinkokeli sibenze iindlalifa, size sibamise elizweni."
(Surah Al-Qasas, 28:5-6)
Le ayisiyiyo ivesi ethetha ngabaNtwana bakaSirayeli kuphela; ngumthetho kaThixo osebenza kuwo onke amaxesha nezindawo. UAllah akabalahli abacinezelweyo xa benyanisekile benomonde, kwaye akabashiyi abazwilakhe bengenatyala, nokuba igunya labo lihlala ixesha elingakanani.
Ngoko ulwandle olwabonakala kuMusa nabantu bakhe njengesiphelo sendlela lwaba sisiqalo sosindiso, nesizathu sokutshatyalaliswa kukaFaro nomkhosi wakhe — ukuze eli xesha lihlale lingunaphakade kwisazela samakholwa: ukuba xa uAllah ethanda ukunika uloyiso kwizicaka zakhe, ubalungiselela iindlela ingqondo engenakuziqonda; ukuba isiqabu singazalwa entliziyweni yobunzima; nokuba isipho singaphuma esibelekweni sovavanyo.
Kwi-Ashura ikholwa lifunda ukuba ubuthathaka ayisosigwebo saphakade, ukuba ukulinda isiqabu sisenzo sonqulo, nokuba ukuthemba isithembiso sika-Allah ayisiyiyo umnqweno wengqondo kodwa yinqiniseko esekelwe embalini yemiyalezo nemithetho engaguqukiyo ka-Allah. UAllah, oPhakamileyo, uthi:
"...kwaye yayisoloko kufanele kuthi ukuxhasa amakholwa."
(Surah Ar-Rum, 30:47)
Ukusuka Elunxwemeni Ukuya Kwinyaniso Ye-Ummah
Ikholwa alifundi ibali likaMusa (uxolo malube phezu kwakhe) njengephepha kumaphepha embali, kodwa njengomnye wemithetho eqhubekayo ka-Allah phakathi kweentlanga — apho amagama nobuso buyaguquka, ngelixa umzabalazo phakathi kwenyaniso nobuxoki ugcina imo yawo yokuqala.
Hayi indlela esifana ngayo isikhalo sabaNtwana bakaSirayeli, "Inene, siza kufunyanwa!" (Ash-Shu'ara 26:61), noko kuphindwayo kwiilwimi zabantu xa iindlela zisonda navavanyo lomelela. Kwaye hayi indlela efana ngayo impendulo kaMusa (uxolo malube phezu kwakhe) noko ikholwa likufunayo kwixesha ngalinye nendawo nganye:
"Wathi, 'Hayi! Inene, kum kukho iNkosi yam; iya kundikhokela.'"
(Surah Ash-Shu'ara, 26:62)
Eli ayilizwi elithethwa kubunzima kuphela; yinkolo eyakha ukuzimasa, etyala ithemba, enika i-Ummah amandla okunyamezela nokuba iintlekele zibi kangakanani.
Oko kwenzekayo eGaza namhlanje — ukuvinjelwa, indlala, ukubulala, nokugxothwa — nomonde, i-ribat (ukuzikhusela ngokuzimaseka), nokuzimisela abantu bayo abakunikelayo, kukhumbuza i-Ummah ukuba uvavanyo lunokuba sisingeniso sokunikwa amandla.
Abantwana abazalwa phantsi kokuqhushumbisa, oomama abavalelisa oonyana nabayeni babo bephinda-phinda "UAllah wanele kuthi, kwaye ungoyena mlondolozi wemicimbi ubalaseleyo," namadoda ema aqinile emhlabeni wawo nangona ubunzima bobubi — bonke babhala iphepha elitsha kumaphepha omonde eyaziwa yimbali yabaprofeti.
Uloyiso lunokulityaziswa, novavanyo lunokomelela, kodwa ikholwa liyazi ukuba isithembiso sika-Allah asisileli, ukuba iintsuku ziyajikeleziswa phakathi kwabantu, nokuba inyaniso ayilinganiswa ngethuba elinye, kodwa ngesiphumo sokugqibela uAllah asibhalele izicaka zakhe ezilungileyo.
Kanye njengoko uAllah wasindisa uMusa nabo babenaye kubuzwilakhe bukaFaro nomkhosi wakhe, Yena — makazukiswe — nguMncedi wabacinezelweyo xa benyanisekile benomonde, ebakhupha ekuxineni besiya ekukhululekeni, ovavanyweni besiya kwisipho, nasebuthathakeni besiya ekunikweni amandla.
Ngasemva Kweendonga — Isithembiso Sika-Allah Kubacinezelweyo
Abantu baseGaza abakho bodwa ekuphileni intsingiselo yobuthathaka. Ngasemva kweendonga kukho amawaka abavalelwa nemiphefumlo eyoniweyo elinde isiqabu, iqinisekile ukuba nokuba ubusuku bude kangakanani, ukusa kufuneka kulandele. Kwilizwe elingaphezu kwelinye lamaSilamsi, iintsapho zisaginya intlungu yokwahlukana zize zinyamezele ubukhali bokulinda — kodwa uvavanyo, nokuba luhlala ixesha elingakanani, aluluqhawuli ithemba lekholwa eNkosini yalo, kwaye alulusithelisi kulo ukuthemba kwalo isiphumo esihle.
EYiputa, amawaka eentsapho asaphila iziphumo zeminyaka yokuvalelwa entolongweni, ukusukelwa, nokuhluthwa, kodwa abambelela ethembeni, eqinisekile ukuba intswela-bulungisa iya kudlula, ukuba iintsuku ziyajikeleziswa, nokuba uAllah akawulahli umvuzo wabanomonde. Oku kusikhumbuza ukuba indlela yabacinezelweyo inokuba nde, kodwa ayilahlekanga — nokuba iinyembezi zaboniweyo nokugcuma kwabaxhwalekileyo kugcinwe konke ku-Allah, ekungekho nto ifihliweyo kuye. UAllah, oPhakamileyo, uthi:
"Kwaye ungaze ucinge ukuba uAllah akakwazi oko kwenziwa ngabenzi-bugwenxa. Ubalibazisa nje kuphela kwiMini apho amehlo aya kujamela [ngokoyika]."
(Surah Ibrahim, 14:42)
Phakathi KukaFaro Wayizolo Nabazwilakhe Banamhlanje
Amagama ayaguquka nobuso buyahluka, kodwa inyaniso yobuzwilakhe inye: ikratshi elizweni, ukudela abantu, ukonakala emhlabeni, nemfazwe ngokuchasene nabantu benyaniso. IQuran yayibhala le nyaniso:
"Inene, uFaro wazenza mkhulu elizweni waza wenza abantu balo baba ngamaqela, ecinezela iqela phakathi kwabo — ebulala oonyana babo egcina abafazi babo bephila. Inene, wayengomnye wabonakalisi."
(Surah Al-Qasas, 28:4)
IQuran ayizange isibalisele amabali kaFaro ngenxa yolonwabo, kodwa yayisifundisa ukuba wonke umzwilakhe uhamba indlela yakhe, kwaye wonke onekratshi uphelela kwisiphelo sakhe. UAllah, oPhakamileyo, uthi:
"Ngoko ngamnye samthabatha ngenxa yesono sakhe."
(Surah Al-Ankabut, 29:40)
Abantu bobuxoki banokucinga ukuba amandla, izixhobo, neendaba abanazo zinokuguqula imbali; kodwa yonke imbali ingqina ukuba ubuzwilakhe lithuba elidlulayo, ngelixa inyaniso yimeko ehlalayo. UAllah, oPhakamileyo, uthi:
"Kwaye ezi ntsuku [zamathamsanqa ahlukeneyo] siyazijikelezisa phakathi kwabantu."
(Surah Aal 'Imran, 3:140)
I-Ashura — Nokwenziwa Kwethemba
Ithemba kwi-Islam ayisiyiyo imvakalelo edlulayo, kodwa yinqiniseko kwisithembiso sika-Allah nokuthemba imithetho yaKhe. Ngoko ikholwa alifundi iziganeko ngeliso lomzuzu, kodwa ngeliso lesityhilelo — lithatha kwinqiniseko kaMusa (uxolo malube phezu kwakhe), "Hayi! Inene, kum kukho iNkosi yam; iya kundikhokela" (Ash-Shu'ara 26:62), nakwinqiniseko yoMprofeti ﷺ, "Musa ukuba lusizi; inene uAllah unathi" (At-Tawbah 9:40) — oko kuhlaziya ukuzimisela kwalo kuze komeleze ukuzimasa kwalo. Kwaye xa inqiniseko ihlangene nesenzo, nomonde nokuthatha iindlela, isithembiso sika-Allah siyazaliseka:
"Kwaye uAllah ngokuqinisekileyo uya kubaxhasa abo bamxhasayo. Inene, uAllah unamandla uphakamile ngobungangamsha."
(Surah Al-Hajj, 22:40)
Umsebenzi Wethu Ngosuku lwe-Ashura
I-Ashura ayisosuku lokukhumbula iinkumbulo kuphela, kodwa lusuku lokuhlaziya umnqophiso no-Allah, ukwenza nzulu ukuba ngokwethu komyalezo wabaprofeti, nokubuyisela ukuthemba imithetho yaKhe nesithembiso saKhe. Ngumsebenzi we-Ummah ukuphucula unxulumano lwayo neNkosi yayo, ukuxhasa abacinezelweyo, ukuma ngokuqinileyo nabantu benyaniso, ukukhulisa abantwana bayo ngesidima nembeko, nokuqiniseka ukuba indlela yohlaziyo inde — kodwa yiloo ndlela kanye abaprofeti nabalungileyo bayihambayo phambi kwethu.
Ukuba uMusa (uxolo malube phezu kwakhe) wazila olu suku ngombulelo ku-Allah ngosindiso, ngoko i-Ummah kaMuhammad ﷺ ihlanganisa kuyo umbulelo ngentsikelelo, ukuhlaziywa kwenqiniseko, inkumbulo yobunye bomyalezo wabaprofeti, nomsebenzi wokuxhasa abacinezelweyo, ukumisela ubulungisa, nokuchasa intswela-bulungisa.
Ngoko i-Ashura ihlala lingqina ukuba indlela yabaprofeti inye, ukuba isiphumo esihle sesabo boyika uThixo, nokuba imithetho ka-Allah ayikhethi mntu, kwaye ayimsileli mntu.
Sicela uAllah, oPhakamileyo, ukuba enze uSuku lwe-Ashura lube lusuku lwenqiniseko, ukuhlaziywa, nethemba; ukuba asuse uxinizelelo lwabaxhwalekileyo, akhulule aboniweyo, anike uloyiso abacinezelweyo, aze alungiselele le Ummah indlela yesikhokelo esilungileyo. Inene, Yena unguMlondolozi woko kwaye nguYena onako ukukwenza. Kwaye ubizo lwethu lokugqibela lolokuba yonke indumiso ngekaAllah, iNkosi yamazwe.
I-Ashura sisithsaba sikaMuharram — inyanga engcwele evula unyaka wamaSilamsi. Funda ngakumbi ngeengenelo zayo nokuzila kwe-Ashura: UMuharram: Inyanga Engcwele Nonyaka Omtsha wamaSilamsi.