Ukuba inkolelo yintliziyo ye-Islam, iiNtsika eziNtlanu sisakhelo sayo — izenzo zonqulo eziguqula inqiniseko zibe yindlela yokuphila. UMprofeti uMuhammad ﷺ wazichaza kwintetho edumileyo:
"I-Islam yakhelwe phezu kwezintlanu: ukungqina ukuba akukho thixo ngaphandle koAllah nokuba uMuhammad ngumthunywa ka-Allah, ukumisa umthandazo, ukunika i-zakāh, ukwenza uhambo olungcwele oluya eNdlwini, nokuzila inyanga kaRamadan."
(Sahih al-Bukhari, 8; Sahih Muslim, 16)
1. Shahādah — Isivumo Sokholo
Intsika yokuqala sisivakalisi esilula esithwala sonke ubunzima benkolo: Ashhadu an lā ilāha illā Allāh, wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan rasūlullāh — "Ndiyangqina ukuba akukho thixo ngaphandle koAllah, kwaye ndiyangqina ukuba uMuhammad ngumthunywa ka-Allah."
Ukutsho la magama ngenqiniseko enyanisekileyo kukuba liSilamsi. Inxalenye yokuqala ingqina i-tawhīd — ukuba uThixo mnye nokuba unqulo lolwakhe yedwa; eyesibini ingqina ukuba uMuhammad ﷺ ngumthunywa wakhe. Yonke enye intsika iphuma kule yodwa.
2. Salāh — Imithandazo Emihlanu Yemihla Ngemihla
Amasilamsi athandaza izihlandlo ezintlanu ngemini — ekuseni, emini, emva kwemini, ekutshoneni kwelanga, nasebusuku — ebheke iKa'bah eMakkah. Umthandazo uluqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo phakathi konquli noThixo, ungafuni mfundisi okanye umlamli.
"Inene, umthandazo uthintela ukungcola nobubi, kwaye ukukhunjulwa kuka-Allah kukhulu."
(Surah Al-'Ankabut, 29:45)
UMprofeti ﷺ wawuthelekisa nomlambo ococayo: "Ukuba bekukho umlambo emnyango womnye wenu ahlamba kuwo izihlandlo ezintlanu ngemini, bekungasala mdaka na kuye?" — ngokunjalo, watsho, imithandazo emihlanu icoca izono. (Sahih al-Bukhari, 528)
3. Zakāh — Isisa Esinyanzelekileyo
I-Zakāh yinxalenye emisiweyo — ngokuqhelekileyo u-2.5% — yobutyebi iSilamsi elibubambe unyaka, enikwa amahlwempu nezinye iindidi ezifanelekileyo. Ayiyorhafu kurhulumente kodwa sisenzo sonqulo: ukuqonda ukuba bonke ubutyebi ekugqibeleni bobukaThixo, nokuba abanethamsanqa banetyala kwabaswelayo.
"Thabatha kubutyebi babo isisa ngaso ubahlambulule ubakhulise…"
(Surah At-Tawbah, 9:103)
Igama elithi zakāh ngokwalo lithetha "ukuhlambululeka" kunye "nokukhula" — kuba lihlambulula ubutyebi nentliziyo yomniki ekubaweni.
4. Sawm — Ukuzila Inyanga KaRamadan
Inyanga enye unyaka ngamnye, amaSilamsi aselula aphilileyo azila ukususela ekuseni ukuya ekutshoneni kwelanga — ekhwebeka ekutyeni, ekuseleni, nobudlelwane — ezinikela emthandazweni, kwiQuran, nasekuzibambeni. Ukuzila kwakha uqeqesho, uvelwano kwabalambileyo, kwaye, ngaphezu kwako konke, i-taqwā — ukuqwalasela uThixo.
"Owu nina bakholwayo, ukuzila kumiselwe nina njengoko kwamiselwa abo babengaphambili kwenu, ukuze nibe ngamalungisa."
(Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:183)
URamadan kwakhona yinyanga iQuran eyatyhilwa okokuqala ngayo, kuyenza ixesha lohlaziyo lokomoya kumaSilamsi ehlabathi liphela.
5. Hajj — Uhambo Olungcwele Oluya EMakkah
Kanye ebomini, iSilamsi ngalinye elinako ngokomzimba nangokwezimali kufuneka lenze uhambo olungcwele oluya eMakkah. Ngexesha leHajj, izigidi zabantu — bawo onke ubuhlanga nesizwe, benxibe iingubo ezimhlophe ezilula ezicima wonke umahluko wesikhundla nobutyebi — badibana ukunqula uThixo kunye.
"Kwaye kungoka-Allah kubantu uhambo olungcwele oluya eNdlwini — kulowo unako ukufumana indlela eya khona."
(Surah Aal 'Imran, 3:97)
IHajj ngumfanekiso onamandla wokulingana nobunye boluntu: ookumkani nabasebenzi bemi ecaleni, bengahlukaniseki, phambi koThixo omnye.
Isishwankathelo
IiNtsika eziNtlanu — isivumo, umthandazo, isisa, ukuzila, nohambo olungcwele — zinika i-Islam isingqi sayo ngemini, ngonyaka, nasebomini. Aziyonkonzo engenanto kodwa kukuqeqeshwa komntu wonke: ulwimi enyanisweni, umzimba kuqeqesho, ubutyebi ekubeni nesisa, nentliziyo ekukhumbuleni rhoqo uThixo.
Inxalenye ye-Sikhokelo Esipheleleyo Sokuqonda I-Islam. Okulandelayo: IiNqaku eziThandathu zoKholo.