Yintoni I-Islam? Isingeniso Esipheleleyo

Igama elithi Islam ligama lesiArabhu elinentsingiselo enzulu. Livela kwingcambu enye nelithi salām — uxolo — kwaye lithetha ukuzinikela ngokuzithandela komntu wonke kuThixo. Ngoko iSilamsi, ngokulula, "ngulowo uzinikela kuThixo." Oku kuyintsingiselo yenkolo: uxolo olufunyanwa ngokuzinikela kuMdali wamazulu nomhlaba.

I-Islam ayithiywanga ngomntu okanye ngabantu — ngokungafaniyo nezinye iinkolo ezininzi. Amasilamsi akholelwa ukuba ayiyonkolo intsha konke, kodwa yimo yokugqibela nepheleleyo yomyalezo omnye uThixo awuthumela kuzo zonke izizwe ngabaprofeti bakhe: nqulani uThixo omnye wenene, niphile ngobulungisa.

"Inene, inkolo emehlweni ka-Allah yi-Islam."

(Surah Aal 'Imran, 3:19)

Intliziyo Ye-Islam: UThixo Omnye

Yonke into e-Islam iqala ngenyaniso enye, engathambekiyo: kukho uThixo omnye kuphela — ngesiArabhu, Allah, igama elithetha nje "UThixo." Akanamlingane, akanamntu ofanayo naye, akananyana, kwaye akanamkhuphiswano. Akazalwanga, kwaye akafi. UnguMdali wazo zonke izinto kwaye akaxhomekekanga nakuntoni na.

Le ngcamango — ubunye obupheleleyo bukaThixo — ibizwa nge-tawhīd, kwaye sisiseko esakhelwa phezu kwaso yonke inkolo. IQuran iyibamba kwisahluko esinye esikhanyayo:

"Yithi: Nguye uAllah, oMnye. UAllah, isiphephelo saphakade. Akazali kwaye akazalwa, kwaye akukho namnye ofanayo naye."

(Surah Al-Ikhlas, 112:1–4)

Ukuba liSilamsi kuthetha, phambi kwako konke, ukungqina oku: Lā ilāha illā Allāh — "Akukho thixo ngaphandle koAllah" — nokuba uMuhammad ﷺ ngumthunywa wakhe. IQuran ifundisa ukuba injongo yobukho bomntu ibotshelelwe ekwazini nasekunquleni lo Thixo mnye:

"Andizange ndidale iijinni nabantu ngaphandle kokuba bandinqule."

(Surah Adh-Dhariyat, 51:56)

I-Islam: Umyalezo Wabo Bonke Abaprofeti

Enye yeempawu eziphawulekayo ze-Islam kukuba ayithi yaqala ngenkulungwane yesi-7. Amasilamsi akholelwa ukuba uThixo wathumela abaprofeti kuzo zonke izizwe kwimbali — kubandakanya u-Adam, uNowa, u-Abraham, uMoses, noYesu (uxolo malube phezu kwabo bonke) — nokuba ngamnye wazisa umyalezo ofanayo oyintsingiselo wokuzinikela kuThixo omnye. UMuhammad ﷺ wayengumprofeti wokugqibela kolu luhlu lude, ethunywe ukugqibelelisa nokugcina loo myalezo kubo bonke abantu.

"Unimisele enkolweni oko wakuyalela uNowa noko sikutyhilileyo kuwe, noko sakuyalela u-Abraham noMoses noYesu."

(Surah Ash-Shura, 42:13)

Yiyo loo nto amaSilamsi emhlonipha kakhulu uYesu noMoses (uxolo malube phezu kwabo) — kungekhona njengabantu benkolo eyimbangi, kodwa njengabaprofeti babo, abazalwana kwintshukumo enye.

Imiba Emibini Ye-Islam: Ukholo Nesenzo

I-Islam idla ngokuchazwa ngezakhelo ezimbini ezihambelanayo: oko iSilamsi elikukholelwayo (iiNqaku eziThandathu zoKholo) noko iSilamsi elikwenzayo (iiNtsika eziNtlanu). Ezi zashwankathelwa nguMprofeti ﷺ ngokwakhe, xa ingelosi uGabriyeli yeza kuye kwimo yendoda yaza yambuza phambi kwabalandeli bakhe — ingxelo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Hadith kaGabriyeli. (Sahih Muslim, 8)

IiNtsika eziNtlanu Ze-Islam

Ezi zizenzo ezintlanu zonqulo ezakha isakhelo sobomi beSilamsi. UMprofeti ﷺ wathi:

"I-Islam yakhelwe phezu kwezintlanu: ukungqina ukuba akukho thixo ngaphandle koAllah nokuba uMuhammad ngumthunywa ka-Allah, ukumisa umthandazo, ukunika i-zakāh (isisa esinyanzelekileyo), ukwenza uhambo olungcwele oluya eNdlwini, nokuzila inyanga kaRamadan."

(Sahih al-Bukhari, 8; Sahih Muslim, 16)

• Shahādah — isivumo sokholo: ukuba akukho thixo ngaphandle koAllah, noMuhammad ﷺ ngumthunywa wakhe.
• Salāh — imithandazo emihlanu yemihla ngemihla, uqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo phakathi konquli noThixo.
• Zakāh — ukunikela inxalenye ethile yobutyebi kwabahluphekayo, kucoca kokubini ubutyebi nentliziyo.
• Sawm — ukuzila inyanga kaRamadan ukususela ekuseni ukuya ekutshoneni kwelanga, kwakha uqeqesho nokuqwalasela uThixo.
• Hajj — uhambo olungcwele oluya eMakkah, olufunekayo kanye ebomini kwabo banako.

IiNqaku eziThandathu zoKholo

Apho iintsika zimalunga nesenzo, iinqaku zokholo zimalunga nenkolelo — iinkolelo zangaphakathi zentliziyo. Xa uGabriyeli wabuza uMprofeti ﷺ nge-īmān (ukholo), waphendula:

"Kukukholelwa ku-Allah, iingelosi zakhe, iincwadi zakhe, abathunywa bakhe, uSuku Lokugqibela, nokukholelwa kwisigqibo sikaThixo, kokubini okulungileyo nokubi kwaso."

(Sahih Muslim, 8)

• Ukukholelwa ku-Allah — uThixo omnye, ochazwe ngentla.
• Ukukholelwa kwiingelosi zakhe — izidalwa zokukhanya ezenza imiyalelo kaThixo.
• Ukukholelwa kwiincwadi zakhe — izityhilelo ezathunyelwa kubaprofeti bangaphambili (kubandakanya iTorah neVangeli yokuqala), zagqitywa zagcinwa kwiQuran.
• Ukukholelwa kubathunywa bakhe — uluhlu olude lwabaprofeti, ukususela ku-Adam ukuya kuMuhammad ﷺ.
• Ukukholelwa kuSuku Lokugqibela — uSuku loMgwebo, apho wonke umphefumlo uya kuphendula.
• Ukukholelwa kwisigqibo sikaThixo — ukuba akukho nto yenzekayo ngaphandle kolwazi nentando kaThixo.

Inkolo Yengqiqo, Kungekhona Yonyanzelo

Imbono ephosakeleyo eqhelekileyo kukuba i-Islam isasazeka ngenkani. Kanti iQuran ngokwayo iyakwalela ukunyanzela nabani na ukuba akholelwe:

"Akukho nyanzelo enkolweni. Indlela elungileyo icacile kweyona ingalunganga."

(Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:256)

I-Islam ithetha kwingqondo. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, iQuran ikhomba umfundi kwindalo yendalo, kumntu ngokwakhe, nasekulungelelanisweni kwendalo iphela, imema ukucamngca. Ukholo, e-Islam, kufuneka lube linqiniseko elifikelelwe ngentliziyo nangengqondo ngokufanayo.

Isishwankathelo

I-Islam kukukholelwa kuThixo omnye nokuzinikela ngoxolo komntu wonke kuye. Kukugqitywa komyalezo owaziswa ngabo bonke abaprofeti, oboniswa ngezenzo ezintlanu zonqulo neeNqaku eziThandathu zenkolelo, kwaye ukhululekile kunyanzelo. Inika umntu injongo ecacileyo — ukwazi nokunqula uMdali — kwaye, kuloo nto, uxolo oluhlala luhleli.