Igama elithi Islam ligama lesiArabhu elinentsingiselo enzulu. Livela kwingcambu enye nelithi salām, uxolo, kwaye lithetha ukuzinikela ngokuzithandela komntu wonke kuThixo. Ngoko umMuslim, ngokulula, "ngulowo uzinikela kuThixo." Oku kuyintsingiselo yenkolo: uxolo olufunyanwa ngokuzinikela kuMdali wamazulu nomhlaba.
I-Islam ayithiywanga ngomntu okanye ngabantu, ngokungafaniyo nezinye iinkolo ezininzi. AmaMuslim akholelwa ukuba ayiyonkolo intsha konke, kodwa yimo yokugqibela nepheleleyo yomyalezo omnye uThixo awuthumela kuzo zonke izizwe ngabaprofeti bakhe: nqulani uThixo omnye wenene, niphile ngobulungisa.
"Inene, inkolo emehlweni ka-Allah yi-Islam."
(Surah Aal 'Imran, 3:19)
Intliziyo Ye-Islam: UThixo Omnye
Yonke into e-Islam iqala ngenyaniso enye, engathambekiyo: kukho uThixo omnye kuphela, ngesiArabhu, Allah, igama elithetha nje "UThixo." Akanamlingane, akanamntu ofanayo naye, akananyana, kwaye akanamkhuphiswano. Akazalwanga, kwaye akafi. UnguMdali wazo zonke izinto kwaye akaxhomekekanga nakuntoni na.
Le ngcamango, ubunye obupheleleyo bukaThixo, ibizwa nge-tawhīd, kwaye sisiseko esakhelwa phezu kwaso yonke inkolo. IQur'an iyibamba kwisahluko esinye esikhanyayo:
"Yithi: Nguye uAllah, oMnye. UAllah, isiphephelo saphakade. Akazali kwaye akazalwa, kwaye akukho namnye ofanayo naye."
(Surah Al-Ikhlas, 112:1–4)
Ukuba ngumMuslim kuthetha, phambi kwako konke, ukungqina oku: Lā ilāha illā Allāh, "Akukho thixo ngaphandle koAllah", nokuba uMuhammad ﷺ ngumthunywa wakhe. IQur'an ifundisa ukuba injongo yobukho bomntu ibotshelelwe ekwazini nasekunquleni lo Thixo mnye:
"Andizange ndidale iijinni nabantu ngaphandle kokuba bandinqule."
(Surah Adh-Dhariyat, 51:56)
I-Islam: Umyalezo Wabo Bonke Abaprofeti
Enye yeempawu eziphawulekayo ze-Islam kukuba ayithi yaqala ngenkulungwane yesi-7. AmaMuslim akholelwa ukuba uThixo wathumela abaprofeti kuzo zonke izizwe kwimbali, kubandakanya u-Adam, uNowa, u-Abraham, uMoses, noYesu (uxolo malube phezu kwabo bonke), nokuba ngamnye wazisa umyalezo ofanayo oyintsingiselo wokuzinikela kuThixo omnye. UMuhammad ﷺ wayengumprofeti wokugqibela kolu luhlu lude, ethunywe ukugqibelelisa nokugcina loo myalezo kubo bonke abantu.
"Unimisele enkolweni oko wakuyalela uNowa noko sikutyhilileyo kuwe, noko sakuyalela u-Abraham noMoses noYesu."
(Surah Ash-Shura, 42:13)
Yiyo loo nto amaMuslim emhlonipha kakhulu uYesu noMoses (uxolo malube phezu kwabo), kungekhona njengabantu benkolo eyimbangi, kodwa njengabaprofeti babo, abazalwana kwintshukumo enye.
Imiba Emibini Ye-Islam: Ukholo Nesenzo
I-Islam idla ngokuchazwa ngezakhelo ezimbini ezihambelanayo: oko umMuslim akukholelwayo (iiNqaku eziThandathu zoKholo) noko umMuslim akwenzayo (iiNtsika eziNtlanu). Ezi zashwankathelwa nguMprofeti ﷺ ngokwakhe, xa ingelosi uGabriyeli yeza kuye kwimo yendoda yaza yambuza phambi kwabalandeli bakhe, ingxelo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Hadith kaGabriyeli. (Sahih Muslim, 8)
IiNtsika eziNtlanu Ze-Islam
Ezi zizenzo ezintlanu zonqulo ezakha isakhelo sobomi bomMuslim. UMprofeti ﷺ wathi:
"I-Islam yakhelwe phezu kwezintlanu: ukungqina ukuba akukho thixo ngaphandle koAllah nokuba uMuhammad ngumthunywa ka-Allah, ukumisa umthandazo, ukunika i-zakāh (isisa esinyanzelekileyo), ukwenza uhambo olungcwele oluya eNdlwini, nokuzila inyanga kaRamadan."
(Sahih al-Bukhari, 8; Sahih Muslim, 16)
- Shahādah. Isivumo sokholo: ukuba akukho thixo ngaphandle koAllah, noMuhammad ﷺ ngumthunywa wakhe.
- Salāh. Imithandazo emihlanu yemihla ngemihla, uqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo phakathi konquli noThixo.
- Zakāh. Ukunikela inxalenye ethile yobutyebi kwabahluphekayo, kucoca kokubini ubutyebi nentliziyo.
- Sawm. Ukuzila inyanga kaRamadan ukususela ekuseni ukuya ekutshoneni kwelanga, kwakha uqeqesho nokuqwalasela uThixo.
- Hajj. Uhambo olungcwele oluya eMakkah, olufunekayo kanye ebomini kwabo banako.
IiNqaku eziThandathu zoKholo
Apho iintsika zimalunga nesenzo, iinqaku zokholo zimalunga nenkolelo, iinkolelo zangaphakathi zentliziyo. Xa uGabriyeli wabuza uMprofeti ﷺ nge-īmān (ukholo), waphendula:
"Kukukholelwa ku-Allah, iingelosi zakhe, iincwadi zakhe, abathunywa bakhe, uSuku Lokugqibela, nokukholelwa kwisigqibo sikaThixo, kokubini okulungileyo nokubi kwaso."
(Sahih Muslim, 8)
- Ukukholelwa ku-Allah. UThixo omnye, ochazwe ngentla.
- Ukukholelwa kwiingelosi zakhe. Izidalwa zokukhanya ezenza imiyalelo kaThixo.
- Ukukholelwa kwiincwadi zakhe. Izityhilelo ezathunyelwa kubaprofeti bangaphambili (kubandakanya iTorah neVangeli yokuqala), zagqitywa zagcinwa kwiQur'an.
- Ukukholelwa kubathunywa bakhe. Uluhlu olude lwabaprofeti, ukususela ku-Adam ukuya kuMuhammad ﷺ.
- Ukukholelwa kuSuku Lokugqibela. USuku loMgwebo, apho wonke umphefumlo uya kuphendula.
- Ukukholelwa kwisigqibo sikaThixo. Ukuba akukho nto yenzekayo ngaphandle kolwazi nentando kaThixo.
Inkolo Yengqiqo, Kungekhona Yonyanzelo
Imbono ephosakeleyo eqhelekileyo kukuba i-Islam isasazeka ngenkani. Kanti iQur'an ngokwayo iyakwalela ukunyanzela nabani na ukuba akholelwe:
"Akukho nyanzelo enkolweni. Indlela elungileyo icacile kweyona ingalunganga."
(Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:256)
I-Islam ithetha kwingqondo. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, iQur'an ikhomba umfundi kwindalo yendalo, kumntu ngokwakhe, nasekulungelelanisweni kwendalo iphela, imema ukucamngca. Ukholo, e-Islam, kufuneka lube linqiniseko elifikelelwe ngentliziyo nangengqondo ngokufanayo.
Okunye Onokukufunda
- The Qur'an. Funda ngokwakho, nenguqulelo nokuleswa.
- Sahih al-Bukhari & Sahih Muslim. Amaqoqo amabini aqinisekiswe ngokupheleleyo eentethweni zoMprofeti ﷺ.
- Riyad as-Salihin (Imam an-Nawawi), ingqokelela ethandekayo yee-hadith ngokholo, isimilo, nonqulo.
- The Sealed Nectar (Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum), ibali lobomi bukaMprofeti ﷺ eliphumelele amabhaso.
- Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources. Martin Lings. ubomi bakhe obusekelwe kwimithombo yokuqala.
Qhubeka Ngohambo Lwakho
Inxalenye ye-Sikhokelo Esipheleleyo Sokuqonda I-Islam .