Njengoko sele sidibene noMprofeti uMuhammad ﷺ — inkedama yaseMakkah eyaba nguMthunywa wokugqibela kaThixo — kuvela umbuzo onzulu: kutheni wathunywa nokuba? Ukuba uThixo wayesele ethumele abaprofeti abanjengo-Abraham, uMoses, noYesu, yayiyintoni injongo yomnye? IQuran ayikushiyi oku kuqikelelweni. Ithi, izihlandlo ezininzi, ngokuthe ngqo ukuba kutheni uMuhammad ﷺ wathunywa. Zidibene, ezi zizathu zibonisa intliziyo yomsebenzi wakhe.
1. Njengenceba Kuwo Wonke Umhlaba
IQuran inika umsebenzi woMprofeti ﷺ inkcazo yawo ebanzi kwindinyana enye — injongo yakhe yayingesosohlwayo okanye uloyiso, kodwa inceba:
"Kwaye asikuthumelanga ngaphandle njengenceba emhlabeni."
(Surah Al-Anbiya, 21:107)
Qaphela ubungakanani: kungekhona "inceba kuma-Arabhu," nkqu nakumakholwa, kodwa emhlabeni — kubo bonke abantu, enyanisweni nakuyo yonke indalo. Le nceba yabonakala ebubeleni bakhe kwabo babuthathaka, ekuxoleleni kwakhe iintshaba, kububele bakhe kubantwana, kwizilwanyana, nakubantu angabaziyo.
2. Ukukhokela Abantu Baphume Ebumnyameni
UMprofeti ﷺ wathunywa kwihlabathi elalizele kukunqula izithixo, ukungabikho kobulungisa, nokubhideka, kwaye umsebenzi wakhe yayikukukhokela abantu kobo bumnyama besiya ekukhanyeni — besuka ekunquleni izinto ezidaliweyo besiya ekunquleni uMdali:
"INcwadi esiyityhile kuwe ukuze ukhuphe abantu ebumnyameni ubase ekukhanyeni."
(Surah Ibrahim, 14:1)
Le yintsingiselo yesikhokelo e-Islam: kungekhona nje ulwazi, kodwa ukusindiswa — indlela yokuphuma ekubhidekeni, ekuphelelweni lithemba, nasekukhonzeni nantoni na engenguye uThixo.
3. Ukugqibelelisa Umyalezo Wabaprofeti
UMuhammad ﷺ akezanga ukuphelisa abaprofeti abangaphambili kwakhe, kodwa ukuqinisekisa nokugqibelelisa umyalezo wabo. Uchazwa njengetywina labaprofeti — owokugqibela, ekungekho mprofeti uzayo emva kwakhe:
"UMuhammad akanguyise waye nawuphi na kumadoda enu, kodwa unguMthunywa ka-Allah notywina lwabaprofeti."
(Surah Al-Ahzab, 33:40)
Umprofeti ngamnye wangaphambili wathunywa kubantu abathile ngexesha elithile. UMuhammad ﷺ wathunywa ukugqibelelisa olo luhlu lude nokuthwala imo yalo yokugqibela, egciniweyo, kubo bonke abantu, ngamaxesha onke.
4. Umthunywa Wehlabathi Lonke Wabo Bonke Abantu
Ngokungafaniyo nabaprofeti abangaphambili kwakhe, ababethunywe ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezithile, uMprofeti ﷺ wathunywa nomyalezo owawujolise uluntu lonke — kuzo zonke izizwe nezizukulwana:
"Yithi: Owu bantu, inene ndinguMthunywa ka-Allah kuni nonke."
(Surah Al-A'raf, 7:158)
Obu buhlabathi lonke kungoko i-Islam ingaboshelelwanga kuhlanga olunye okanye kwilizwe elinye. Ukususela kwiintlango zase-Arabia umyalezo wafikelela e-Afrika, e-Asia, nakuwo onke amazwekazi — uthwalwa kungekhona ngenkani kodwa ngokholo.
5. Ukuhlambulula Iintliziyo Nokufundisa
Umsebenzi woMprofeti ﷺ yayingekhona nje ukuzisa incwadi, kodwa ukuguqula abantu — ukuhlambulula iintliziyo zabo kwikratshi, kubukhoboka bokubawa, nakubukhohlakali, nokubafundisa ubulumko. IQuran ikuchaza kakuhle:
"Nguye owathumela phakathi kwabangafundanga umthunywa ovela kubo obacengcelezela iindinyana zakhe, ebahlambulula, ebafundisa iNcwadi nobulumko."
(Surah Al-Jumu'ah, 62:2)
Ukucengceleza isityhilelo, ukuhlambulula umphefumlo, nokufundisa ubulumko — ezi zintathu zakha intliziyo yoko uMprofeti ﷺ awayeza kukwenza, kwaye zisayinjongo yobomi bamaSilamsi: ukukhula ube ngumntu ongcono.
6. Ukugqibelelisa Isimilo Esihle
Ekugqibeleni, uMprofeti ﷺ washwankathela injongo yakhe ngesivakalisi esinye esimangalisayo — esibeka ukucwangciswa kwesimilo entliziyweni yomsebenzi wakhe:
"Ndathunywa kuphela ukugqibelelisa isimilo esihle."
(Al-Adab Al-Mufrad, 273; kuqinisekisiwe)
Nangaphandle kwazo zonke iinkolelo nemikhwa yayo, i-Islam, entliziyweni yayo, sisimemo sokuba lunge — unyanisekile, unobubele, unobulungisa, novelwano. UMprofeti ﷺ wakuphila oku ngokupheleleyo kangangokuba umfazi wakhe u-'A'ishah (wanga uAllah angakholiseka nguye) wachaza isimilo sakhe ngamagama amathathu: "Isimilo sakhe yayiyiQuran."
Isishwankathelo
UMuhammad ﷺ wathunywa njengenceba kuwo wonke umhlaba, ukukhokela abantu ebumnyameni besiya ekukhanyeni, ukugqibelelisa umyalezo wawo wonke umprofeti ngaphambili kwakhe, njengomthunywa wehlabathi lonke wabo bonke abantu, ukuhlambulula iintliziyo nokufundisa ubulumko, nokugqibelelisa isimilo esihle. Ukuqonda ukuba kutheni wathunywa kusilungiselela ukuqonda esona sipho sikhulu somsebenzi wakhe — incwadi ayizisayo: iQuran.
Okunye Onokukufunda
- The Qur'an — funda ngokwakho, nenguqulelo nokuleswa.
- Sahih al-Bukhari & Sahih Muslim — amaqoqo amabini aqinisekiswe ngokupheleleyo eentethweni zoMprofeti ﷺ.
- Riyad as-Salihin (Imam an-Nawawi) — ingqokelela ethandekayo yee-hadith ngokholo, isimilo, nonqulo.
- The Sealed Nectar (Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum) — ibali lobomi bukaMprofeti ﷺ eliphumelele amabhaso.
- Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources — Martin Lings.
Qhubeka Ngohambo Lwakho
Inxalenye ye-Sikhokelo Esipheleleyo Sokuqonda I-Islam.