Mhlawumbi ayikho inxalenye ye-Islam exoxwa kakhulu, okanye engaqondwa kakhulu, kuneemfundiso zayo ngabasetyhini. Izithethe zenkcubeko kweminye imibutho yamaMuslim zidla ngokuphanjaniswa nenkolo ngokwayo. Ukuqonda i-Islam ngokufanelekileyo, umntu kufuneka abuyele kwimithombo yayo yokwenene: iQur'an neemfundiso eziqinisekisiweyo zoMprofeti uMuhammad ﷺ. Apho, umntu ufumana uluhlu lwamalungelo nezidima ezanikwa abasetyhini ngexesha ihlabathi elininzi libanika phantse into engekhoyo.
Ukulingana Ngokomoya Phambi KukaThixo
IQur'an icacile: amadoda nabasetyhini balingana ngokomoya, badalwe kumphefumlo omnye, kwaye baphendula balinganiswe ngokufanayo phambi koThixo. Ukholo nobulungisa, kungekhona isini, kunquma ixabiso lomntu emehlweni akhe.
"Nabani na owenza ubulungisa, nokuba yindoda okanye ngumfazi elikholwa — siya kumenza aphile ubomi obuhle, kwaye siya kumnika umvuzo wakhe ngokona kulungileyo awayekwenza."
(Surah An-Nahl, 16:97)
IQur'an ithetha kumakholwa angamadoda nangabasetyhini ecaleni komnye, iwathembisa uxolelo olufanayo nomvuzo ofanayo:
"Inene, amaMuslim angamadoda namaMuslim angabasetyhini, amakholwa angamadoda namakholwa angabasetyhini… uAllah uwalungiselele uxolelo nomvuzo omkhulu."
(Surah Al-Ahzab, 33:35)
Ukuphela Kwexesha Elikhohlakeleyo
I-Islam yavela kuluntu apho iintombi zazikhe zingcwatywe ziphila ngenxa yehlazo okanye uloyiko lwentlupheko. IQur'an yakugweba oku ngamagama aqinileyo, ilumkisa ngemini apho usana lwentombazana olwangcwatywayo luya kubuzwa ukuba lwabulawelwa siphi isono:
"Kwaye xa intombazana eyangcwatywa iphila ibuzwa, ukuba yabulawelwa siphi isono…"
(Surah At-Takwir, 81:8–9)
Ilungelo Lepropati Nelifa
I-Islam yanika abasetyhini ilungelo lokuba nepropati, ukuqhuba amashishini, nokugcina imali yabo, ngokuzimela kuye nayiphi na indoda, amakhulu eminyaka phambi kokuba loo malungelo abe qhelekile kwenye indawo. Ipropati yomfazi yeyakhe; umyeni akanabango phezu kwayo. I-Islam yaphinda yaqinisekisela abasetyhini isabelo esimisiweyo selifa ngexesha, kwiindawo ezininzi, ababengenako ukufumana nto:
"Kumadoda kukho isabelo soko abazali nezizalwane ezikushiyayo, kwaye kubasetyhini kukho isabelo soko abazali nezizalwane ezikushiyayo."
(Surah An-Nisa, 4:7)
Isidima Emtshatweni
E-Islam, umfazi akanako ukutshatiswa ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe; ukuvuma kwakhe yimeko yomtshato osemthethweni. Unelungelo le-mahr, isipho somtshato esinikwa yena, kuye yedwa. IQur'an ichaza ubudlelwane phakathi kwabatshakazi kungekhona njengobunini kodwa njengothando, inceba, nobuhlobo:
"Kwaye kwimiqondiso yakhe kukuba wanidalela kuni ngokwenu amaqabane ukuze nifumane uxolo kuwo; wabeka phakathi kwenu uthando nenceba."
(Surah Ar-Rum, 30:21)
UMprofeti ﷺ wabeka umgangatho wendlela amadoda amele aphathe ngayo abasetyhini: "Abona balungileyo kuni ngabo balungileyo kubafazi babo." (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, 3895)
Imbeko Kamama
I-Islam iphakamisa isikhundla sikamama ngaphezu kwaphantse bonke abanye. IQur'an iyalela ububele kubazali, inika ukubaluleka okukhethekileyo idini likamama:
"Kwaye siyalele umntu ukunakekela abazali bakhe. Unina wamthwala ngobuthathaka phezu kobuthathaka, kwaye ukumlumla kwakhe kwiminyaka emibini…"
(Surah Luqman, 31:14)
Indoda yakhe yabuza uMprofeti ﷺ ukuba ngubani ofanele kakhulu ubuhlobo bakhe obuhle. Waphendula, "Umama wakho." Indoda yabuza kwakhona; wathi, "Umama wakho." Okwesithathu; "Umama wakho." Kwaba kokwesine kuphela apho wathi, "Uze uyihlo." (Sahih al-Bukhari, 5971; Sahih Muslim, 2548)
Ilungelo Lemfundo
I-Islam yenza ukufuna ulwazi ibe luxanduva, kwaye luxanduva olubekwe kubasetyhini njengakumadoda. UMprofeti ﷺ wathi:
"Ukufuna ulwazi luxanduva phezu kwawo wonke umMuslim."
(Sunan Ibn Majah, 224)
Izifundiswa ze-Islam zaqonda igama elithi "umMuslim" apha ukuba libandakanya amadoda nabasetyhini, zisenza imfundo yabasetyhini ingabi luvo nje kodwa ibe luxanduva lonqulo. Umphumela ubonakala ukususela kwiintsuku zokuqala ze-Islam: abasetyhini boluntu lokuqala lwamaMuslim babe zizifundiswa, oogqwetha, ababalisi bembali kaMprofeti, ootitshala, nabacebisi. Umfazi kaMprofeti u-'A'ishah (wanga uAllah angakholiseka nguye) wayephakathi kwezona zifundiswa zinkulu zaso sonke isizukulwana sakhe, amadoda ayehamba imigama ukuze afunde kuye, kwaye iimfundiso zakhe zisafundwa kude kube namhlanje.
Okunye Onokukufunda
- The Qur'an. Funda ngokwakho, nenguqulelo nokuleswa.
- Sahih al-Bukhari & Sahih Muslim. Amaqoqo amabini aqinisekiswe ngokupheleleyo eentethweni zoMprofeti ﷺ.
- Riyad as-Salihin (Imam an-Nawawi), ingqokelela ethandekayo yee-hadith ngokholo, isimilo, nonqulo.
- The Sealed Nectar (Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum), ibali lobomi bukaMprofeti ﷺ eliphumelele amabhaso.
- Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources. Martin Lings. ubomi bakhe obusekelwe kwimithombo yokuqala.
Qhubeka Ngohambo Lwakho
Inxalenye ye-Sikhokelo Esipheleleyo Sokuqonda I-Islam .